A CD36 ectodomain mediates insect pheromone detection via a putative tunnelling mechanism.
Author information
- 1Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- 2Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures (CSACS), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2K6.
- 3Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7.
- 4BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
- 5Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7.
- 6Department of Nephrology, University of Freiburg Medical Center, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
Abstract
CD36 transmembrane proteins have diverse roles in lipid uptake, cell adhesion and pathogen sensing. Despite numerous in vitro studies, how they act in native cellular contexts is poorly understood. A Drosophila CD36 homologue, sensory neuron membrane protein 1 (SNMP1), was previously shown to facilitate detection of lipid-derived pheromones by their cognate receptors in olfactory cilia. Here we investigate how SNMP1 functions in vivo. Structure-activity dissection demonstrates that SNMP1’s ectodomain is essential, but intracellular and transmembrane domains dispensable, for cilia localization and pheromone-evoked responses. SNMP1 can be substituted by mammalian CD36, whose ectodomain can interact with insect pheromones. Homology modelling, using the mammalian LIMP-2 structure as template, reveals a putative tunnel in the SNMP1 ectodomain that is sufficiently large to accommodate pheromone molecules. Amino-acid substitutions predicted to block this tunnel diminish pheromone sensitivity. We propose a model in which SNMP1 funnels hydrophobic pheromones from the extracellular fluid to integral membrane receptors.
- PMID:
- 27302750